Caesarean
section
Caesarean section, also known as C-section, or caesarean
delivery, is the use of surgery to deliver babies. A caesarean section is often
necessary when a vaginal delivery would put the baby or mother at risk. This
may include obstructed labor, twin pregnancy, high blood pressure in the
mother, breech birth, or problems with the placenta or umbilical cord. A
caesarean delivery may be performed based upon the shape of the mother's pelvis
or history of a previous C-section. A trial of vaginal birth after C-section
may be possible. The World Health Organization recommends that caesarean
section be performed only when medically necessary.
A C-section typically takes 45 minutes to an hour. It may be
done with a spinal block, where the woman is awake, or under general
anesthesia. A urinary catheter is used to drain the bladder, and the skin of
the abdomen is then cleaned with an antiseptic. An incision of about 15 cm (6
inches) is then typically made through the mother's lower abdomen. The uterus
is then opened with a second incision and the baby delivered. The incisions are
then stitched closed. A woman can typically begin breastfeeding as soon as she
is out of the operating room and awake. Often, several days are required in the
hospital to recover sufficiently to return home.
C-sections result in a small overall increase in poor outcomes
in low-risk pregnancies. They also typically take longer to heal from, about six
weeks, than vaginal birth. The increased risks include breathing problems in
the baby and amniotic fluid embolism and postpartum bleeding in the mother. Established
guidelines recommend that caesarean sections not be used before 39 weeks of
pregnancy without a medical reason. The method of delivery does not appear to
have an effect on subsequent sexual function. For more details regarding the session on Gynecology Congress 2020 at San Francisco, USA during April 27-29, 2020
Email: globalgynecology@gynecologycongress.com
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